Hardware Technical Information 2.1 Microcontroller 2.2 Atmel, Microchip and AVR 2.3 Memory 2.3.1 Flash Memory 2.3.1.1 Flash Memory Size 2.3.1.2 Flash Wear 2.3.1.3 Data Retention 2.3.2 SRAM 2.3.2.1 Volatile Memory 2.3.2.2 SRAM Size 2.3.3 EEPROM 2.3.3.1 EEPROM Programming 2.3.3.2 EEPROM Size 2.3.3.3 EEPROM Wear 2.3.4 Adding External Memory 2.3.4.1 SD Cards (SPI Interface) 2.3.4.2 Flash and EEPROM Chips (SPI / TWI Interface) 2.3.4.3 SPI Devices 2.3.4.4 TWI and I☬ Devices 2.4 Power and USB 2.4.1 USB Power 2.4.2 USB Connection and Cable 2.4.3 External Power 2.4.4 Battery Power 2.4.5 Operating Voltage 2.5 Operating Frequency 2.6 LED Indicators and Reset Button 2.6.1 ON LED 2.6.2 L LED 2.6.3 TX LED 2.6.4 RX LED 2.6.5 Reset Button 2.7 User Pin Headers 2.7.1 Power Pins 2.7.1.1 GND Pins 2.7.1.2 5V Pin 2.7.1.3 3.3V Pin 2.7.1.4 Vin Pin 2.7.2 IOREF Pin and Unconnected Pin 2.7.3 RESET Pin 2.7.4 Digital, PWM and Communication Pins 2.7.4.1 Output Pins 2.7.4.2 Pin Current Rating 2.7.4.3 Input Pins 2.7.4.4 PWM Pins PWM Example Sketch Calculating PWM Duty Cycle PWM Frequency PWM LED Control Example 2.7.4.5 Communication Pins Serial Port / UART Pins to USB Serial Port / USART Pins TWI or I☬ Pins SPI Pins 2.7.5 Analog In Pins 2.7.5.1 Analog In Example Sketch 2.7.5.2 Floating Analog Input Pin 2.7.5.3 Calculating Analog In Voltage 2.7.5.4 Analog In Pins Used as Digital I/O 2.7.6 AREF Pin and Internal ADC Reference Voltages 2.8 Programming Headers 2.8.1 MEGA 2560 with External Programmer on ICSP 2.8.2 Restore Bootloader with IDE and External Programmer 2.8.3 ATmega16u2 ICSP Header 2.8.4 ICSP Programming Resources 2.8.5 Using an Arduino as an In-System Programmer 2.9 Shared Pins 2.9.1 Serial Port Pins 2.9.2 L LED Pin 2.9.3 TWI or I☬ Pins 2.9.4 ICSP SPI Pins and Reset 2.9.5 JTAG Pins Chapter 3. ![]() Arduino MEGA 2560 1.7.2 Arduino MEGA ADK vs. ![]() Arduino Uno 1.1.3 Uses of the Arduino MEGA 2560 1.1.4 Arduino MEGA 2560 Main Parts 1.1.4.1 Main Microcontroller 1.1.4.2 USB Connector 1.1.4.3 External Power In 1.1.4.4 Reset Button 1.1.4.5 Header Sockets with Arduino Pins 1.1.4.6 ON LED 1.1.4.7 L LED 1.1.4.8 TX LED (Transmit) 1.1.4.9 RX LED (Receive) 1.1.4.10 ATmega16U2 Microcontroller 1.1.4.11 ICSP Header 1.1.4.12 ICSP Header for ATmega16U2 1.1.4.13 Mounting Holes 1.1.5 Programming 1.1.6 Extending the Hardware 1.1.6.1 Add-on Boards: Shields Stacking Shields Shield Reverse Connection Protection 1.1.6.2 Prototype Shields 1.1.6.3 Strip-board 1.1.6.4 Electronic Breadboard 1.1.6.5 Custom PCB 1.1.7 Open-Source and Licensing 1.1.8 Third Party Compatible Boards 1.1.9 Build Quality, Warranty and Safety 1.1.10 Arduino and Genuino 1.2 Arduino MEGA 2560 Firmware 1.2.1 USB Bridge Firmware 1.2.2 Bootloader 1.3 Precautions During Handling and Usage 1.3.1 Static Electricity 1.3.2 Work Surface 1.3.3 Power 1.3.4 Voltage 1.3.5 Handling 1.3.6 Interfacing Precautions 1.4 Arduino MEGA 2560 History and Revisions 1.5 First Time Use and Basic Testing 1.5.1 New Arduino MEGA 2560 Default Behavior 1.5.1.1 Computer Drivers 1.5.1.2 Arduino MEGA 2560 Hardware Behavior On LED RX LED and L LED on Some Systems Factory or User Loaded Sketch Running 1.5.2 Loading a Sketch to an Arduino MEGA 2560 1.5.2.1 Select Board, Processor and Port 1.5.2.2 Loading a Test Sketch Open the Test Sketch Upload the Sketch Modify the Sketch 1.5.2.3 Serial Port Demonstration Serial Port Sketch Example Serial Monitor Window 1.5.3 Basic Testing 1.5.3.1 Visually Inspect the Board 1.5.3.2 Power LED and Voltages 1.5.3.3 Check Expected Default Behavior 1.5.3.4 Is the Board Recognized by the Host Computer? 1.5.3.5 Load a Test Sketch 1.6 Arduino MEGA 2560 References and Help 1.6.1 Installing Software 1.6.1.1 Windows 1.6.1.2 MAC OS X 1.6.1.3 Linux 1.6.2 Getting Started, Examples and Reference 1.6.2.1 Getting Started Guides 1.6.2.2 Arduino Examples and Tutorials 1.6.2.3 Building Breadboard Circuits 1.6.2.4 Arduino Software Reference 1.6.3 Getting Help 1.6.4 Related Open-Source Projects 1.6.4.1 Fritzing 1.6.4.2 Wiring 1.6.4.3 Processing 1.6.5 Arduino MEGA 2560 on the Web 1.7 Arduino MEGA 2560, DUE and MEGA ADK 1.7.1 Arduino DUE vs.
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